05-18: Low Cost Cooling Tower Biocide Alternatives Manual

05-18: Low Cost Cooling Tower Biocide Alternatives ManualSewage effluent for cooling has been utilized in the Texas Abstract: Saudi Aramco's Dhahran Utilities department is concerned about both biocide cost and biocide performance for the operation of its seventeen cooling towers (40 cells). The department tested alternative biocides and is now using an effective low cost biocide. Slug dosing calcium hypochlorite was used for many years for microbiological control on the cooling towers. The cost of the

is placed in contact with water or a solution containing electrolytes

and USA test procedures for this type are not considered adequate

coupled with the demands of increasingly stringent environmental and safety rules

Although the thermal performances of natural draft cooling towers occasionally fail to meet expectations

The failed or cracked columns were attributed to misuse of fiberglass bearing pads or poor construction procedures

Cooling Towers and Air-cooled Condensers

5-kw/725 rpm electric motors

Bench top and process simulation test results will be discussed and related to field data

The paper will cover application principles

A Pilot Cooling System was developed to simulate the operation of an open recirculating cooling system for the purpose of evaluating potential cooling water treatment programs on a pilot scale prior to their implementation in the refinery cooling system

and other good practice limitations

Proper cooling tower repair is essential to maintain a quality and performance piece of equipment